What is Cyber Security?
Cybersecurity refers to the protection of internet-connected systems, including hardware, software, and data, from attack, damage, or unauthorized access. This includes protecting against cyber threats such as hacking, phishing, and malware.
What are different types of cyber security threats?
There are many different types of cyber security threats, but some of the most common include:
Malware: This includes viruses, worms, Trojan horses, and other malicious software that can damage systems or steal sensitive information.
Ransomware: This type of malware encrypts a victim’s files, making them inaccessible, and demands a ransom payment in exchange for the decryption key.
Phishing: This is a form of social engineering where attackers send emails or messages that appear to be from a legitimate source, in order to trick the recipient into providing sensitive information or clicking on a malicious link.
Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks: This type of attack involves overwhelming a website or server with traffic from multiple sources, making it unavailable to legitimate users.
Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs): These are sophisticated attacks that are often carried out by nation-states or other well-funded actors, and are designed to evade detection and maintain access to a target’s systems for an extended period of time.
Insider threats: These are threats that come from within an organization and can include employees or contractors who have malicious intent.
IoT attacks: This type of attacks target Internet of Things devices such as smart cameras, thermostats, and other connected devices, to gain unauthorized access to network.
Supply Chain attacks: This type of attack occurs when an attacker targets a third-party vendor that has access to the targeted organization’s networks and data.
What are some good cyber security measures?
Some examples of cybersecurity measures include:
- Firewalls, which are used to prevent unauthorized access to a network.
- Antivirus software, which is used to detect and remove malware.
- Encryption, which is used to protect sensitive data from being accessed by unauthorized parties.
- Two-factor authentication, which adds an extra layer of security by requiring a user to provide two forms of identification.
- Penetration testing, which simulates a cyber attack on a network to identify vulnerabilities.
- Network segmentation, which limits the spread of malware or unauthorized access by dividing a network into smaller segments.
- Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) systems that gather and analyze security-related data from multiple sources in order to detect and respond to cyber threats.
- Regular software updates and patches to fix vulnerabilities.
- Employee training on security best practices and security awareness.
What are different career options in cyber security?
There are a wide variety of career options in cybersecurity, as the field encompasses many different areas of expertise. Some examples include:
Security analyst: These professionals monitor networks and systems for security breaches and take action to mitigate threats.
Penetration tester: Also known as “ethical hackers,” these professionals attempt to penetrate an organization’s systems in order to identify vulnerabilities that need to be patched.
Incident responder: These professionals are responsible for identifying, containing, and resolving security incidents.
Security architect: These professionals design and implement security systems and protocols to protect an organization’s networks and data.
Compliance analyst: These professionals ensure that an organization’s security practices comply with relevant regulations and industry standards.
Forensics investigator: These professionals collect and analyze data from a security incident in order to identify the cause and determine the extent of the damage.
Security consultant: These professionals provide guidance and advice to organizations on how to improve their security posture.
Security software developer: These professionals design and develop software and tools to protect systems and networks from cyber threats.
Identity and access management (IAM) specialist: These professionals are responsible for managing access to an organization’s systems and data.
Network security engineer: These professionals are responsible for maintaining and securing an organization’s networks and infrastructure.
What are some of the common technical skills required for a cyber security job?
The technical skills required for a cybersecurity job will vary depending on the specific role and the organization. I will list top 5 technical skills. Remember that depending on the role and organization, there might be other skills that are required.
- Network security: Knowledge of firewalls, intrusion detection and prevention systems, VPNs, and other network security technologies.
- Encryption: Knowledge of various encryption algorithms and technologies, such as AES and RSA, and experience with implementing encryption in different environments.
- Security Information and Event Management (SIEM): Knowledge of SIEM tools and the ability to analyze log data to detect and respond to security incidents.
- Penetration testing: Knowledge of various penetration testing methodologies and tools, and the ability to identify vulnerabilities in systems and networks.
- Identity and access management (IAM): Knowledge of IAM concepts and technologies, such as single sign-on (SSO) and multi-factor authentication (MFA).
How to start a career in cyber security?
A good way to start a career in cyber security is to take a course. On edilume, we have an associate level course on cyber security. Here is the link to see more details about the course.
Below is a lesson from that course. Watch to get a sense of it!
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